The first rare case of Candida palmioleophila infection reported in China and its genomic evolution in a human host environment

Introduction Candida palmioleophila is a rare human pathogenic fungus, which has been poorly characterized at the genome level. In this study, we reported first fatal case of C. infection in China and investigate microevolution host environment. Methods A series stains were collected from patient different time points for routine microbial drug sensitivity testing. The isolate 07202534 was identified by de novo whole sequencing. vitro vivo genetic evolutionary characteristics discussed based on analysis bioinformatics data. Results six isolates displayed dose-dependent to fluconazole. contained homologous genes such as CDR1 MDR1, recognized be related azole resistance. addition, amino acid variation detected F105L other important sites ERG11 . mean divergence between Scheffersomyces stipites CBS 6054 406.04 million years, indicating that originated earlier than its closest relative. strains isolated form had higher homology fewer mutation sites, indicated stability genome. We also found wide natural niche may evolve slowly. Discussion believe study will contribute improve our understanding evolution, pathogenicity, resistance aid prevention control spread.